Chapter 2

     In the book Rigor by Design Not Chance chapter 2 is about asking probing questions. “Coming up with the right question involves vigorously thinking through the problem, investigating it from vicarious angles, turning closed questions into open-ended ones, and prioritizing which are the most important questions to get at the heart of the matter.” (Dan Rothstein and Luz Santana. The thing that I found to be the most important were Tips for effective questioning.
    The chapter gives 4 tips on effective questioning, those tips are, practice using wait and think time, brainstorm without judgment, ask all students to simultaneously respond, rather than just calling on a few and model curiosity by making your thinking visible. The resource that I found on questioning also gives 4 different strategies to try which are to design higher thinking questions, develop a sequence of strategies, increase wait time and respond to answers using redirecting, probing and reinforcing. 
    In both resources it talks about wait time. In the book Rigor by Design Not Chance says that Mary Budd Rowe did research on wait time and wanted to draw attention to how long teachers wait for a student's response after asking a question and her research showed that teachers typically waited one second between asking and question and calling on a student to answer it. According to NSW Education, their research also shows that the wait time between asking questions and calling on a student was one second or less. NSW Education suggests waiting beyond 3 seconds to give the students opportunity to increase the length of their response and will decrease students' failure to respond. 
    In Rigor by Design they suggest using a way to have all students answer, they can do this by asking the students to do a thumbs up/ thumbs down to check fro understanding, they can hold up a certain number of fingers showing how well they understand, you could even give the students cards that have letters when asking a question using multiple choice questions or red green for agree/disagree.  
    In the article about Key Questioning Strategies from NSW they give tips on how to engage students in questioning. Some examples are using 4 corners with multiple choice, using a bouncy ball to get other students involved, scattering questions all over the classroom, etc.
The goal for questioning and modeling it is to teach  children how to come up with their reasoning and become more powerful in their thought process. If we use the tips that were offered to us then we can help children become critical and creative thinkers. 
References 
Hess, Karin. (2019). Rigor by design, not chance: Deeper thinking through actionable instruction and assessment. Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development (ASCD). 
NSW Department of Education. (2022, December 8). Key questioning strategies. Education. https://education.nsw.gov.au/teaching-and-learning/professional-learning

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